Luan subfloor - Most plywood underlayment is about 1/4 inch thick and has square edges and a smooth, knot-free top face. It typically comes in 4 x 8-foot sheets. For many years, the …

 
Jan 1, 2018 ... How To Remove Underlayment [Subfloor]. HouseImprovements•457K views · 4 ... (W) Removing Vinyl & Luan Underlayment. Ken Fisher•6.8K views · 3:48.. Gary heidnik josefina rivera

This week, the White House announced that the government would indeed make this month’s required payments to health insurance companies. We kinda dodged a bullet there, because tho... It is a versatile choice suitable for a wide range of applications. Builders often use 1/4-inch luan plywood for interior wall paneling, cabinet backs, furniture construction, and lightweight structural elements. Its increased thickness compared to 1/8-inch provides added stability and durability. Lauan plywood (also known as Luan Plywood) is a commercial term used throughout the United States that typically refers to a 1/8" - 1/4" tropical hardwood plywood panel used for underlayment in flooring, lamination, paper overlay, furniture, and millwork applications. The first Lauan panels were manufactured over 40 years ago in Japan, Korea ...Steps: 1. Starting at a threshold, use a wood chisel and wide, stiff-blade putty knife to pop loose one vinyl tile. Check the type and condition of the plywood underlayment beneath the tiles. 2. Use a flat pry bar and long-handled floor scraper to scrape up all the vinyl tiles. Discard the old tiles. 3.The floor is currently ceramic tile. Once I remove the tile and scrape off the mortar / thinset my plan is to lay 5 mm Luan (aka meranti) 4’x8’ sheets. I’m doing this for two reasons. 1) have a nice smooth surface to lay the vinyl on and 2) bring the height of the floor up a little to have a smooth transition from room to room.Posts: 588. I repaired a 30” x 30” spot a used tt a couple of years ago. I removed the entire sandwich between the two aluminum frame rails that ran the length of the trailer. There was a cross brace at one end of the opening. I glued and screwed a 30” length of 1” aluminum angle flush with the bottom of the flooring on the three ...The free state of Missouri. Jan 19, 2015. #2. Luan is not acceptable under any flooring. It tends to have voids between the plys which can collapse. It also can stain. I wouldn't put any vinyl plank directly on the old plank floor either. At the least, I would use an underlayment grade 1/4" plywood subfloor.1. Underlayment for Vinyl Flooring. Builders argue over luan underlayment, possibly the most common suggested use for luan. Some say to use it as a substrate piece when putting down vinyl flooring because of its smooth surface. Homebuilders’ guidelines give mixed opinions about using it for this purpose.No luan, Underlayment grade plywood only. Luan can have voids in the plys which can collapse, it also can contain resins which will stain the floor from underneath. And why would you use interflex? It is not a very good product. Once the underlayment is down, you can use any sheet vinyl.A flat subfloor allows your vinyl to firmly stick to the ground, making it more comfortable to step on. One way to provide a smooth, even surface for your vinyl is to install Luan plywood, a thin, lightweight underlayment material that works great for vinyl sheets. Here is a quick guide on how to install Luan under a vinyl floor that will set ...159. 42K views 6 years ago. How to install Luan underlayment. This is used to straighten up floors under vinyl floors or carpet floors. Using glue and Staples you …Step 3: Install Joist Hangers. Start by installing joist hangers along the perimeter of the room. These will provide support for your subflooring and should be spaced appropriately according to manufacturer instructions. Be sure that joists are at least 16 inches apart or closer when installing subflooring over joists.A: ¼ 4x8 luan can be used as an underlayment on top of ¾ 4x8 plywood subflooring for a smooth surface to apply a finished flooring. Most flooring contractors us ¼ over the 3/8 thick product. Most flooring …I pulled up carpet and padding and tacking strips and staples. Existing subfloor (plywood NOT OSB!!) is NOT in wonderful shape. Thinking of Kilzing the plywood, then using a layer of felt, then a top layer of luan then finally a Mannington LVP that says to NOT use an underlayment (the felt will be sandwiched between the luan and the plywood.Make the rough opening for a pocket door two times the width of the door plus 1 inch with a height of 84 1/2 inches from the highest spot on the subflooring. While this opening loo...Limit 90 per order. Pay $1.68 after $25 OFF your total qualifying purchase upon opening a new card. Apply for a Home Depot Consumer Card. Easy to handle, lightweight. Limited Lifetime warranty when used as underlayment. Suitable for use in general construction applications. View More Details. Nominal Product WxL (ft.): 4 ft. x 8 ft. 4 ft. x 4 ft.Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Nadia Hansel, MD, MPH, is the interim director of the Department of Medicine in th...Luan can be used as a floor underlayment, which is sandwiched in between the subfloor and the finished flooring. This layer provides additional support to ensure the floor finish is smooth, level and firm. For this reason, Luan plywood is considered an acceptable underlayment material for its resiliency. It often works well with different floor ...Item # 12210 |. Model # OKO3848VRIBBC1X. 118. Get Pricing & Availability. Use Current Location. Versatile, project-ready component, for DIYers and makers; ideal for utility …Jul 10, 2017 ... Removing underlayment around cabinets to get down to a subfloor isn't an impossible job if you have the right tool. In this Home Hint, ...Apr 23, 2024 · Remove any thin underlayment between the subfloor and the floor covering. Cut away a section with the utility knife for laminate flooring with foam or felt underlayment. For a 1/4-inch luan (plywood) underlayment board, set the circular saw at the correct depth to cut only into the luan but not any materials beneath it. Leave 1/4-inch gaps between all sheets. Continue installing sheets of plywood across the room, attaching them to the floor joists in the same way. Make sure to maintain 1/4-inch gaps between the sheets. On the last row of plywood, rip-cut the sheets to fit the remaining gap, leaving a 1/4-inch gap around the wall.Elmhurst (630) 283-8800 | Schiller Park (847) 678-9800. Underlayment is a crucial layer for any flooring project, enhancing both comfort and durability. Learn about the different types of underlayment, their benefits, and essential tips for installation. Whether you're dealing with laminate, hardwood, or vinyl, this guide ensures you make an ...Put this between your subfloor and the hardwood floor. It’ll prevent any moisture from leaking through. Step 1. Rip out old carpet. Step 2. Lay down moisture barrier. Lay down Aquabar. It’s incredibly well marked for where to overlap. Only do a … 1/4 x 4 x 8 Underlayment Plywood. (Actual Size .196" x 48" x 95-7/8") Model Number: 1251910 Menards ® SKU: 1251910. Not Available Online. Fiberock® Aqua-Tough™ underlayment is a unique fiber-reinforced gypsum product designed for use under ceramic or porcelain tile, resilient flooring, vinyl, carpet, hardwood flooring, and laminate flooring in wet or dry areas. It has an integral water-resistant composition that offers durability, superior performance, and exceptional tile bond that is …Subfloor Issues - Azdel vs Luan. In the 2021 models there was a change from the Azdel underlayment to a Luan underlayment. A couple reasons for the change to Luan. We decided to make the change at model year …There is existing 1/2″ plywood subfloor. I want to insulate the floor while still preserving head space in the room. I want to make a subfloor – styrofoam board insulation – Luan sheathing sandwich above the subfloor then topped by Carpet Tiles. What is the minimum recommended width for the styrofoam insulation and the Luan to protect ...Meanwhile they could just prep the existing subfloor, sanding and patching where needed and replace boards if necessary and still have the same result without the cost of the luan needed. Prep is the most important part of any flooring job, 6+ years in the business. In this case the subfloor is tongue and groove so luan would definitely help!Nov 30, 2015 ... ... subfloor system for concrete and slab on grade floors. The plastic membrane is installed with the dimples down to create a 5/16"thick air ... Limit 90 per order. $19.98. Save $9.99 ( 50 %) Suitable for use in woodworking projects. Made of hardwood plywood for durability. Lightweight feature ensures easy installation. View More Details. Unavailable at South Loop. Delivering to. In April 2024 the cost to Install a Subfloor starts at $3.68 - $5.53 per square foot*. Use our Cost Calculator for cost estimate examples customized to the location, size and options of your project. To estimate costs for your project: 1. Set Project Zip Code Enter the Zip Code for the location where labor is hired and materials purchased.Ideal for securely fastening subfloor quickly and accurately. Designed for fire-retardant wood-based materials. Lengths: 2"2-1/2" 3". Ships May 9 when you order now. STARTING AT. $133.70. CHOOSE OPTIONS. Underlayment and Subfloor Screws provide strong and long-lasting holds for securing both underlayment and subfloor in subfloor installations.Step 3: Install Joist Hangers. Start by installing joist hangers along the perimeter of the room. These will provide support for your subflooring and should be spaced appropriately according to manufacturer instructions. Be sure that joists are at least 16 inches apart or closer when installing subflooring over joists.Jul 10, 2017 ... Removing underlayment around cabinets to get down to a subfloor isn't an impossible job if you have the right tool. In this Home Hint, ...Oct 6, 2021 · What Is Luan Plywood Used For? Flooring and Underlayment. Luan plywood is often used as an underlayment for vinyl flooring. It is also used as a base for carpet, ceramic tile, and hardwood floors. Luan plywood is very thin, about 18mm or less, making it easy to install over existing flooring. Luan plywood comes in different thicknesses and grades. Matador is a travel and lifestyle brand redefining travel media with cutting edge adventure stories, photojournalism, and social commentary. Hit the gym Train your whole core with ...No luan, Underlayment grade plywood only. Luan can have voids in the plys which can collapse, it also can contain resins which will stain the floor from underneath. And why would you use interflex? It is not a very good product. Once the underlayment is down, you can use any sheet vinyl.Luan can be used as a floor underlayment, which is sandwiched in between the subfloor and the finished flooring. This layer provides additional support to ensure the floor finish is smooth, level and firm. For this reason, Luan plywood is considered an acceptable underlayment material for its resiliency. It often works well with different floor ...Jul 29, 2023 · Step 3: Install Joist Hangers. Start by installing joist hangers along the perimeter of the room. These will provide support for your subflooring and should be spaced appropriately according to manufacturer instructions. Be sure that joists are at least 16 inches apart or closer when installing subflooring over joists. A: ¼ 4x8 luan can be used as an underlayment on top of ¾ 4x8 plywood subflooring for a smooth surface to apply a finished flooring. Most flooring contractors us ¼ over the 3/8 thick product. Most flooring contractors us ¼ over the 3/8 thick product.For reasons I can't fathom, Microsoft removed the ability to delete Wi-Fi networks from the network list if the network isn't in range. Manage Wireless Networks is also gone from t...Install the vinyl flooring. Care for Your Vinyl Floor. Finish touches for the installation. We will discuss the necessary supplies, the best techniques, and what to look for when installing Luan under a vinyl floor. With this information, you can install Luan and ensure your installation will be safe and successful.APA’s installation guidelines for 1/4-inch plywood should be followed when installing lauan plywood, but installers BEWARE: Lauan is made under a wall-panel specification of the International Hardwood Products Association (IHPA). No manufacturing specifications support its use or gauge its performance as an underlayment.This week, the White House announced that the government would indeed make this month’s required payments to health insurance companies. We kinda dodged a bullet there, because tho...With all underlayments, the fastener should penetrate the underfloor by. 3/4” (1.9cm), but not protrude through the underfloor. by more than 1/8” (3.2mm). If the underlayment is. being installed over an old floor covering, the thickness. of the flooring should be taken into consideration. Patriot Timber Products develops innovative panel products from sustainable sources that provide outstanding value to our customers. We produce premium underlayment plywood, multi-purpose plywood, specialty plywood, and beadboard under our Patriot Timber Family of Panel Products. RevolutionPly® plywood. RevolutionPly® plywood - 12 mm & 18 mm. 5.5MM 4'X8' LAUAN UNDERLAYMENT. Delivery Options. Pickup. Pick up the order at a branch location. Delivered. Deliver the order to your job address.The Insider Trading Activity of Pham Luan on Markets Insider. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksDamaged, Delaminated Subfloor. We are putting oak hardwood floors (3/4" x 1 1/2" T&G) in our kitchen, dining, and living room. The living room and dining room were both carpeted, while the kitchen and entry way in the living room had glued down parquet flooring. I tried to carefully tear up the parquet so I didn't damage the subfloor, to no avail.Product Details. About This Product. Lauan Plywood is a tropical hardwood and one of the largest internationally traded tropical hardwood products. The name …The subfloor is installed BEFORE walls go up, and the underlayment is installed AFTER walls are in place. We then install a layer of #30 felt paper, and add 3/8" or 1/2" BC plywood for underlayment. 1/4" underlayment in my area doesn't hold up. I install subfloors with 1 1/2" #8 decking screws (in my Quik Drive gun), and use 1 1/4" #8 deckig ...However, during installation some installers like to fasten underlayment to the subfloor to prevent the underlayment from moving. If your choose this route, staples are a good choice to fasten the underlayment. Staples usually have a coating which help increase the holding power. Using a crown compression stapler, staple 2 inches on the seams ...About This Product. Approved for use as an underlayment for carpeting, hardwood and vinyl floor coverings. (Installation instructions must be followed). Cuts …Made from hardwood; ideal as subfloor layer under new flooring. Versatile, project-ready component, for DIYers and makers; ideal for utility projects and small repairs; easy to customize. Actual dimensions: 0.22-in x 23.75-in x 47.75-in Tolerance: +/- 1/4-in. Approximately 4 lbs weight. Grade B2 (or C3 equivalent) with a veneer core; CARB Phase ...Here are some tips for removing glued luan from your subfloor: Start by scoring the surface of the loan with a utility knife. This will help the adhesive release from the wood. Next, use a putty knife or other flat tool to pry up the edges of the luan sheet. Work slowly and carefully so you don’t damage the underlying subfloor.5.5MM 4'X8' LAUAN UNDERLAYMENT. Delivery Options. Pickup. Pick up the order at a branch location. Delivered. Deliver the order to your job address.Fiberock® Aqua-Tough™ underlayment is a unique fiber-reinforced gypsum product designed for use under ceramic or porcelain tile, resilient flooring, vinyl, carpet, hardwood flooring, and laminate flooring in wet or dry areas. It has an integral water-resistant composition that offers durability, superior performance, and exceptional tile bond that is …Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Nadia Hansel, MD, MPH, is the interim director of the Department of Medicine in th...Luan installs on top of a subfloor since the sheets are not structurally sound and cannot take the place of a subfloor. Start in one corner of the room and lay a full sheet of luan perpendicular to the direction of the subfloor panels. Leave a 1/16 inch gap between the walls and the luan panel.In metric terms, sheets are typically 1220 x 2440 mm and have thickness from 9.5 to 28.5 mm. The minimum subfloor thickness is approximately 3/4 inches, so the minimum thickness of OSB board you will need for laminate flooring is 23/32 inches, or 18 mm. An OSB sheet has a finely corrugated, unfinished side and a smooth side that is …We removed our linoleum from our kitchen to install prefinished hardwood flooring. we found that the linoleum wasn't glued down (except for ...Luan is known to be very lightweight, which makes it pliable and easy to work with. This characteristic makes it a great choice for ceilings, interior doors, wall partitions, drawer bottoms and backs, furniture backings, etc. Luan is also used as underlayment materials for different types of flooring.Since resilient flooring is thin, any subsurface irregularities like swollen underlayment joints or nail-pops are “telegraphed” through the flooring, creating a bumpy finished surface. Product standards allow 1/4-inch service-grade hardboard to swell as much as 30% (.075 inch) when subjected to a 24-hour soak test.I'll show you how to remove those floor staples left over form ripping out linoleum / Luan floor with 2 different tools and a tool you can make at home. This...RUNNER-UP: QuietWalk Plus QW100PLUS Underlayment. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Bestlaminate 3 in 1 Flooring Underlayment. BEST FOR SOUND INSULATION: Roberts 70-193A Super Felt. BEST ECO-FRIENDLY ...If you are removing tile floor, backer board or lauan from a plywood sub-floor these tools and tips should be helpful to you. This is hard work, but will sa...Find Lauan plywood & sheathing at Lowe's today. Shop plywood & sheathing and a variety of building supplies products online at Lowes.com.The luan will come up fairly easy. You can cut it into strips as long as there is no vinyl backing left that may contain asbestos. Getting all the staples removed or beat down is by far the hardest part. If it's ran underneath the cabinets use a sharp razor knife and score it several times and it should break off pretty clean.Sep 26, 2021 · Draw diagonal lines parallel to this line 4 inches apart and then add more nails every 4 inches along these lines. If you have underlayment with a premarked fastener pattern, make sure to put a nail in each "X." Finally, nail along the last two sides 1/2 inch from each edge, nailing every 2 inches. compliance assurance for any products utilizing the Luan species. The APA's recommendations for subfloor and underlayment under ceramic tile installations are consistent with the Tile Council of America (TCA). Approved plywood substrates to receive ceramic tile or CBUs must be APA-approved Exterior and Exposure 1 grades only (See …Many floor coverings are best installed over a rigid underlayment applied over the subfloor. Plywood and hardboard such as luan are common rigid underlayments. Subfloor panels such as … Nailing down 1/4″ Luan. paulbny | Posted in Construction Techniques on April 5, 2009 03:38am. I’ve got to fasten down 40 sheets of 1/4″ Luan underlayment on Monday. I was planning on using 1/4″ x 1″ narrow crown staples. It’s getting a floating floor on top of it. Elmhurst (630) 283-8800 | Schiller Park (847) 678-9800. Underlayment is a crucial layer for any flooring project, enhancing both comfort and durability. Learn about the different types of underlayment, their benefits, and essential tips for installation. Whether you're dealing with laminate, hardwood, or vinyl, this guide ensures you make an ...Feb 7, 2011 ... If you need to level and flatten a plywood sub-floor in preparation for installing a bamboo floating floor, and you don't want to use ...An extra ¼-inch thick piece of plywood might allow them to run resilient flooring at the same height as their tile, thereby eliminating the need for a bulky transition strip in the doorway. In situations like these, luan flooring really comes to the rescue. Luan under vinyl flooring is a perfectly acceptable use of this product.Unfortunately, it is more than likely that all the tiles will need to be removed and replaced. Ceramic tiles cannot be installed over luan plywood. Because of this, the luan plywood will need to be removed and a ¼ inch cement board installed in its place. An isolation membrane can be used instead of the cement board.The floor is currently ceramic tile. Once I remove the tile and scrape off the mortar / thinset my plan is to lay 5 mm Luan (aka meranti) 4’x8’ sheets. I’m doing this for two reasons. 1) have a nice smooth surface to lay the vinyl on and 2) bring the height of the floor up a little to have a smooth transition from room to room.Oct 1, 2016 ... I use Luan over the old subfloor. It smooths everything out and no "burbles" in the vinyl... Most of the time, if you fit the Luan, fillers ...It sounds like the flooring manufacturers aprove it IF it is the proper type. I for one have never seen the stamp that the article refers to. My guess is that the luan that we can readily get is not intended for underlayment. Lauan Plywood Quarter-inch lauan plywood is a popular choice as an underlayment among remodelers. It has a solid track ...Item # 12210 |. Model # OKO3848VRIBBC1X. 118. Get Pricing & Availability. Use Current Location. Versatile, project-ready component, for DIYers and makers; ideal for utility … Place a full sheet of luan in one corner of the room, perpendicular to the direction of the subfloor panels. Leave a 1/16″ gap between the luan panel and the walls. Insert 1/4-inch crown staples every 6 inches across the luan panel’s plane and every 2 inches along the edges with a staple gun. Measure from the nearest wall to the center of the toilet flange, and transfer the measurement to the plywood using a pencil or carpenter's crayon. Align a framing square with the pencil mark, and extend the line so it travels the length or width of the sheet of plywood.Measure over from the adjacent wall nearest the toilet flange to its center ...Lauan plywood, also called Luan plywood, is a tropical hardwood that originated in Southeast Asia about 40 years ago. It is frequently used for furniture, craft projects, millwork, lamination, paper overlay, and underlayment. Lauan plywood is durable, with stable wood fiber and consistent coloring; however, its appearance can vary, and it’s ...Luan, also known as Philippine mahogany, is a soft wood usually found in 1/4-inch thick sheets. Used as an underlayment for vinyl atop hardwood or tiled floors, luan provides a smooth, level surface that prevents imperfections in the subfloor from telegraphing through thin vinyl, marring the look of the vinyl after installation.

Luan is known to be very lightweight, which makes it pliable and easy to work with. This characteristic makes it a great choice for ceilings, interior doors, wall partitions, drawer bottoms and backs, furniture backings, etc. Luan is also used as underlayment materials for different types of flooring.. Caramel apple tartlets recipe

luan subfloor

AllanJ. 11178 posts · Joined 2007. #4 · Feb 26, 2011. If you just attack the luan and there was a lot of adhesive, then you will very likely mar the subfloor so badly you will need to use resurfacing compound (before you can put even a new sheet of luan down). One thing worth trying, ironing the floor to see if heat softens the adhesive.About This Product. Approved for use as an underlayment for carpeting, hardwood and vinyl floor coverings. (Installation instructions must be followed). Cuts …Mar 20, 2007 ... Luan subfloor: My house was built in the 70's. I am replacing wall to wall carpeting with sheet vinyl. My - Answered by a verified Home ...So I laid Luan in 2 rooms over my subfloor as recommended by a friend/contractor. I found out today that Luan underlayment is no longer recommended and may prevent my leveling cement to not adhere. I was using the recommended underlayment that is required with my LVP planks. Does anyone still use or ever used Luan and if so had any problems.When moving furniture and heavy equipment on the flooring use luan board or plywood to protect the panels from rolling wheels. Do not use cardboard. ... and when transitioning to other existing floors. WOOD/CONCRETE SUBFLOOR REQUIREMENTS: Approved Wood subfloors: Note that joist spacing determines minimum subfloor …Subfloor Issues - Azdel vs Luan. In the 2021 models there was a change from the Azdel underlayment to a Luan underlayment. A couple reasons for the change to Luan. We decided to make the change at model year …Luan plywood is lightweight, flexible, and relatively inexpensive compared to other hardwood options. The first Luan plywood panels were manufactured in the Far East, in the countries of Taiwan, Japan, and Korea, more than forty years ago. The raw wood logs used to manufacture Luan plywood were imported mainly from Indonesia, Malaysia, and the ...It is a versatile choice suitable for a wide range of applications. Builders often use 1/4-inch luan plywood for interior wall paneling, cabinet backs, furniture construction, and lightweight structural elements. Its increased thickness compared to 1/8-inch provides added stability and durability.BEST OVERALL: Roberts First Step Premium Underlayment. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: BestLaminate Blue Vapor 3-In-1 Flooring Underlayment. BEST STANDARD FOAM: Roberts Serenity Foam Underlayment. BEST ...How to Properly Secure Underlayment to Subfloor Without Causing Damage or Dips in the Floor Surface: Tips for Effective Fastening and Avoiding Loss of Streng...Jul 29, 2023 · Step 3: Install Joist Hangers. Start by installing joist hangers along the perimeter of the room. These will provide support for your subflooring and should be spaced appropriately according to manufacturer instructions. Be sure that joists are at least 16 inches apart or closer when installing subflooring over joists. Handy panels have a smooth surface and are perfect for small repairs, and craft projects. Panels can be finished with paint, stain or polyurethane. Handy size means less waste and an economical price; easy to transport, manageable size will fit in most vehicles. 5.0 mm x 4 ft. x 4 ft. Panels can be used for multiple projects.I am installing 1/4" luan underlayment over 3/4" wood planks before I install a laminate wood flooring. Some questions: 1.) Do I need a vapor barrier between the wood planks and luan. The room is over an unheated basement although the basement does not get extremely cold as the oil burner is located there.Oct 14, 2021 ... ... subfloor is extremely flat. The best way to do that is with self leveling underlayment, also called self leveling concrete. In this video I ...When moving furniture and heavy equipment on the flooring use luan board or plywood to protect the panels from rolling wheels. Do not use cardboard. ... and when transitioning to other existing floors. WOOD/CONCRETE SUBFLOOR REQUIREMENTS: Approved Wood subfloors: Note that joist spacing determines minimum subfloor …Model Number: 1252006 Menards ® SKU: 1252006. Everyday Low Price. $21.99. 11% REBATE* Good Through 5/12/24. $2.42.Posts: 588. I repaired a 30” x 30” spot a used tt a couple of years ago. I removed the entire sandwich between the two aluminum frame rails that ran the length of the trailer. There was a cross brace at one end of the opening. I glued and screwed a 30” length of 1” aluminum angle flush with the bottom of the flooring on the three ...Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Nadia Hansel, MD, MPH, is the interim director of the Department of Medicine in th....

Popular Topics